Canberra Langfest 2011, ALS2011: Australian Linguistics Society Annual Conference: Conference proceedings

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Body parts in Koromu
Carol Ann Priestley

Last modified: 2011-07-28

Abstract


The human body is of “unique interest and importance” (Wierzbicka 2007: 17) to speakers of languages around the world and the nouns used to describe parts of the body are “a rich resource for exploring fundamental issues about the nature of categorization” (Majid, Enfied and van Staden 2006:138). This paper looks at semantic primes, semantic templates and semantic molecules (Goddard, in press; Wierzbicka 1985) in relation to a number of key body part nouns in Koromu. It aims to show how some common areas of meaning provide input for ‘semantic templates’ while some of their distinctive meanings are useful for the formation of expressions in other semantic domains and as ‘semantic molecules’ in reductive paraphrase explications. Examples of Koromu body parts considered here are wapi ‘hands’ and ehi ‘legs’, which are of particular importance in the traditional numbering system, and oru ‘insides’ and upu ‘nose’, which are relevant to discussions of values and emotions. The  explication of wapi ‘hands’ will indicate whether this word is polysemous (with wapi ‘arms’) and whether the meaning can be explicated exclusively in primes without any semantic molecules as it can in English ‘hands’ (Wierzbicka 2007:28).


References


Goddard, C. In press. Semantic primes, semantic molecules, semantic templates: Keyconcepts in the NSM approach to lexical typology. Lexical Typology. Ed. By Maria Koptjevskaja-Tamm.

Majid, A, Enfield, N.J., van Staden, M. 2006. Parts of the body: Cross-Linguistic Categorisation. Language Sciences 28 (2-3). 137-360 (Special Issue).

Wierzbicka, A. 1985. Lexicography and Conceptual Analysis. Ann Arbor: Karoma.

Wierzbicka, A. 2007. Bodies and their parts: An NSM approach to semantic typology. Language Sciences. 29: 14-65.